Light Emitting Diodes – LEDs

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LED

What are LEDs?

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are a versatile and widely used light source found in various electrical devices, from mobile phones to large advertising billboards. As a type of semiconductor, LEDs produce light when an electric current passes through them. The development of high-brightness blue LEDs in 1993, based on Gallium Nitride, enabled the practical use of white LEDs, which are now recognized as a fourth major light source.

LEDs revolutionized modern lighting by generating bright light with minimal heat and offering unmatched customizability. This has made them the go-to lighting solution for the 21st century, popular among homeowners and designers alike. LEDs are ubiquitous, appearing in phones, cars, and homes—virtually anywhere something lights up electronically.

Common Uses of LEDs

LEDs have numerous applications due to their long lifespan, low power consumption, fast response time, and quick switching capabilities. Standard uses include:

  • TV backlighting
  • Display screens
  • Automotive lighting
  • Dimmable lighting systems

Types of LEDs

LEDs are available in different types, designed using semiconductor technology:

  • Miniature LEDs
  • High-Power LEDs
  • Flash LEDs
  • Bi-Color and Tri-Color LEDs
  • Red, Green, Blue (RGB) LEDs
  • Alphanumeric LEDs
  • Lighting LEDs

These varieties cater to different applications, making LEDs suitable for a wide range of projects.

  • SMD LEDs: SMD (Surface-Mounted Device) LEDs are compact, high-power LEDs that are mounted directly onto circuit boards without traditional wire leads. They feature tiny metallic contacts for easy soldering and offer bright, energy-efficient lighting. SMD LEDs come in various sizes and can support multiple colors, making them versatile for applications like backlighting, displays, and general illumination. Their compact design allows for flexible use in small electronic devices, signage, and lighting fixtures.

  • Through-Hole LEDs: Traditional LEDs with wire leads that are inserted into holes on a circuit board and soldered for a secure connection.

  • COB (Chip-on-Board) LEDs: Feature multiple LED chips mounted directly onto a substrate, providing a high light output and uniform illumination.

  • DIP (Dual In-Line Package) LEDs: Older-style LEDs encased in an epoxy resin, commonly used in indicator lights and low-power applications.

  • High-Power LEDs: Designed to emit a significant amount of light and typically used in applications requiring intense brightness, such as streetlights or floodlights.

  • Bi-Color and Tri-Color LEDs: Contain two or three different LED chips in a single package, allowing for multiple color outputs.

  • RGB LEDs: Capable of producing various colors by combining red, green, and blue LED chips.

  • OLED (Organic LED): Made from organic materials that emit light when electricity is applied, commonly used in displays and screens.

  • Micro LEDs: Tiny LEDs used in advanced displays, offering high resolution and brightness with lower power consumption.

  • UV and Infrared LEDs: Emit ultraviolet or infrared light for specialized applications like curing, sterilization, or remote controls.

SMD LEDs

Top-Emitting Chip SMD LED

Top-emitting chip SMD LEDs deliver high-intensity lighting suitable for portable electronics, backlighting, and indicator applications.

High-Temperature SMD LED

Designed for harsh environments, high-temperature SMD LEDs come in top-emitting and right-angle packages, available in single or bi-color options. They can operate in temperatures up to 100°C.

Top-Emitting PLCC SMD LED

The PLCC SMD LED series offers high-reliability, top-emitting lighting with various color combinations, sizes, shapes, and viewing angles, ensuring short lead times.

Low-Current SMD LED

Engineered for battery-operated devices and mobile electronics, low-current SMD LEDs offer high luminosity with low power requirements. Available in top-emitting, right-angle configurations, and single, bi-color, and tri-color options.

Multi-Color SMD LED

Multi-color SMD LEDs come in bi-color and tri-color configurations, ideal for market lighting, backlighting, and other applications requiring a variety of colors and sizes.

Subminiature SMD LED

The subminiature SMD LED collection includes gull wing, z-bend, and yoke lead configurations, with various colors and dimensions, making them perfect for status indication.

Right-Angle SMD LED

Right-angle SMD LEDs provide high-intensity lighting at precise angles. Available in multiple colors and dimensions, they deliver directional illumination where needed.

SOT-23 SMD LED

The SOT-23 SMD LEDs offer low power consumption and level 3 moisture sensitivity, with a variety of wavelengths and configurations for status indication.

Reverse-Mount SMD LED

Reverse-mount SMD LEDs provide specialized lighting through small cut-out holes, featuring subminiature packages for long life and reliable performance, ideal for status indication applications.

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